Understanding Unemployment Benefits: A Guide for Employers

As an employer, understanding unemployment benefits is critical for managing the claims process and knowing your financial responsibilities. Unemployment benefits provide temporary financial support to workers who lose their jobs through no fault of their own. This guide outlines the role of employers, differences in state and federal unemployment benefits, and key information to help you navigate these systems effectively.

• What Are Unemployment Benefits?
• State-by-State Unemployment Benefit
• Federal Unemployment Benefits
• Employer Responsibilities in Unemployment Claims
• How Unemployment Benefits Impact Employers
• Best Practices for Employers
• Conclusion

What Are Unemployment Benefits?

Unemployment benefits are weekly financial payments given to individuals who become unemployed due to reasons like layoffs or business closures. The system is managed at the state level, with oversight and additional benefits sometimes provided by the federal government. Employers fund these benefits through taxes (both state and federal), making it crucial to understand how unemployment claims impact your business.

State-by-State Unemployment Benefits

Unemployment benefits vary across states in terms of eligibility criteria, benefit amounts, and how long individuals can claim benefits. Here’s a look at how benefits differ by state:

Alabama Unemployment Benefits

Weekly Benefit Amount:

• Range: Benefits typically range from $45 to $275 (effective January 1, 2020).
• Calculation: The amount is based on earnings during the base period, detailed in the monetary determination form received after filing a claim.

Duration of Benefits

• Weeks: Generally available for 14 to 20 weeks.
• Maximum Allowable Amount: The total benefits are based on the unemployment rate, specified in the monetary determination.

Monetary Eligibility

• Work Requirement: Wages must be earned in at least two quarters of the base period.
• Base Period: Defined as the first four quarters of the last five completed quarters before the claim date.
• Earnings Requirement: Total earnings during the base period must be at least 1.5 times the highest quarter earnings.

Alaska Unemployment Benefits

Eligibility Requirements:

• Wages: Earned wages from covered employment during the base period are required.
• Gross Income: A total gross income of $2,500 must be earned over two calendar quarters of the base period.
• Availability: Must be able and available for full-time work, actively seeking employment, reporting weekly job searches, and registering for work as required.

Weekly Benefit Amount:

• Range: Benefits range from a minimum of $56 to a maximum of $370 per week.
• Monetary Determination: The monetary determination will specify the exact weekly benefit amount and the number of weeks eligible for benefits.
• Base Period Calculation: Claims are based on wages earned in the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters before filing. If ineligible, wages from the last four completed calendar quarters will be considered.

Duration of Benefits:

• Weeks: Benefits last from 16 to 26 weeks, depending on the amount and distribution of wages during the base period.

Arizona Unemployment Benefits

Weekly Benefit Amount:

• The weekly benefit amount (WBA) is 4% of the wages earned in the highest quarter of the base period.
• The maximum WBA is currently $320 per week.

Wage Requirements for Eligibility:

• To qualify for benefits, employment must have been with an employer who paid unemployment tax.
• Eligibility Criteria:
• Earn at least 390 times the Arizona minimum wage in the highest quarter of the base period, and the total wages from the remaining three quarters must be at least half of the high quarter amount.
• Alternatively, total wages of at least $8,000 in two quarters of the base period, with one quarter's wages being at least $7,987.50 or more.

Duration of Benefits:

• Benefits can last up to 26 weeks, depending on earnings during the base period.
• The maximum benefit amount for the year is outlined on the Wage Statement (monetary determination), and the duration may vary based on employment status or deductible income during the benefit period.

Arkansas Unemployment Benefits

Weekly Benefit Amount:

• Maximum of $451 per week, for up to 12 weeks.
• A Monetary Determination specifies the benefit amount and duration.

Eligibility Requirements:

• Work History: Employment during the last 12-18 months with sufficient wages is required to qualify.
• Separation Reason: Benefits are available for those laid off, with reduced hours, or who left due to work-related reasons like unsafe conditions. Ineligibility may apply for personal reasons or misconduct.
• Availability: Must be actively seeking work, able to work, and legally authorized to work in the U.S.

California Unemployment Benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefits in California, individuals must meet specific work and earnings requirements. To requalify for a subsequent new claim, one of the following conditions must be met:

1. Earned at least $1,300 in one quarter.
2. Earned at least $900 in the highest quarter and a total of 1.25 times the highest quarter earnings during the benefit year of the original claim.

In certain cases, Workers’ Compensation or Disability Insurance benefits may substitute for earnings.

Duration

Eligible individuals can receive unemployment benefits for a maximum of 26 weeks. In some cases, benefits may be extended for up to 53 weeks under the Pandemic Emergency Unemployment Compensation (PEUC) program if the initial benefits are exhausted.

Weekly Benefits

The weekly benefit amount ranges from a minimum of $40 to a maximum of $450, depending on prior earnings and other eligibility criteria. For detailed information on the unemployment benefits available in California, including specific amounts based on earnings, refer to the Unemployment Insurance Benefit Table provided by the Employment Development Department (EDD).

Colorado Unemployment Benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for unemployment insurance benefits in Colorado, individuals must have earned at least $2,500 in wages during a designated time frame known as the base period. This period consists of the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters before the claim's start date. If the standard base period does not meet the earnings requirement, individuals may use an alternate base period, which includes the last four completed calendar quarters before the claim's start date.

Weekly Benefits

Colorado calculates unemployment benefits using two formulas, allowing claimants to receive the highest possible weekly amount:

1. First Formula:
   • The total wages from the highest two consecutive quarters in the base period are summed.
   • This total is divided by 26 (the number of weeks in a six-month period).
   • The result is multiplied by 0.6, with a maximum weekly benefit of $735 and a minimum of $25.
2. Second Formula:
   • Total wages from the entire 12-month base period are calculated.
   • This total is divided by 52 (the number of weeks in a year), and then divided by 2.
   • The maximum weekly benefit under this formula is $809, with a minimum of $25.

Duration

The maximum benefit amount for a claim is equal to the lesser of 26 times the weekly benefit amount or one-third of the total wages earned in each quarter during the 12 months of the base period. The length of time for which benefits can be received may also depend on individual circumstances, including the reason for separation from employment, as benefits are intended for individuals who are unemployed through no fault of their own.

Connecticut Unemployment Benefits:

Eligibility

Unemployment benefits in Connecticut are available to individuals who meet specific eligibility criteria:

• Monetary Eligibility: Applicants must have earned sufficient wages during their base period.
• Unemployment Status: Applicants must be either fully or partially unemployed.
• Job Separation: The separation from the previous job must meet state-approved conditions, as certain types of separations may lead to disqualification.
• Weekly Requirements Each week, applicants must be physically and mentally able to work, available for employment, actively seeking work, and timely in filing weekly claims.

Individuals with disabilities may be eligible to search for part-time work if they can provide documentation from a licensed physician that confirms a long-term or permanent impairment preventing full-time work. The impairment must not entirely remove the individual from the workforce.

Weekly Benefits

The weekly benefit amount is determined by an individual’s wage history and other factors. As of October 1, 2023, the maximum benefit rate for new claims is set at $721 per week and will remain at this rate for four years, with the next adjustment scheduled for October 1, 2028. Currently, the average weekly benefit amount is around $409.

Duration of Benefits

Unemployment benefits in Connecticut are generally payable for up to 26 weeks. Those receiving partial unemployment or pension income may receive benefits for a longer period, although the total amount remains the same.

Delaware Unemployment Benefits:

Eligibility

• Unemployment benefits in Delaware require sufficient wages earned during the base period, which includes the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters. Applicants must be unemployed through no fault of their own, able to work, actively seeking employment, and available to accept a suitable job.

Weekly Benefits

• The Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA) in Delaware ranges from $20 to $450, based on earnings during the base period. The exact amount can be determined using the "Weekly Benefit Amount Chart" from the state's unemployment guide.

Duration of Benefits

• Benefits are available for up to 26 weeks per benefit year. Partial benefits may be granted for part-time work, and additional weeks may be available during periods of high unemployment. After 26 weeks, a new claim can be filed if specific earning requirements are met.

Florida Unemployment Benefits

Eligibility

• To qualify for unemployment benefits in Florida, a claimant must have earned at least $3,400 in gross wages during the base period, which includes the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters. Wages must be spread across at least two quarters, and total gross wages must be more than 1.5 times the highest quarter.

Weekly Benefits

• Florida's Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA) is determined by dividing the highest quarter earnings by 26, with a maximum weekly amount of $275. The exact WBA is the lesser of this calculation or $275.

Duration of Benefits

• For 2023 and 2024, Florida allows up to 12 weeks of benefits with a maximum benefit amount (MBA) of $3,300. Benefits are calculated based on total base period wages, divided by 4, or capped at the yearly maximum.

Georgia Unemployment Benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for unemployment insurance in Georgia, claimants must meet several key criteria:

• Earn enough wages during the base period, which is the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters.
• Be unemployed through no fault of their own.
• Being able to work, available for work, and actively seeking work each week benefits are claimed.

Weekly Benefits

In Georgia, the minimum weekly benefit amount is $55, and the maximum is $365, based on the individual's earnings during the base period.

Duration of Benefits

The number of weeks for unemployment benefits in Georgia ranges from 14 to 26 weeks, depending on the state's seasonal adjusted unemployment rate at the time the claim is filed. The minimum duration is 6 weeks.

Hawaii Unemployment Benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for unemployment insurance in Hawaii, applicants must meet two key requirements:

• Have earned wages in at least two calendar quarters of the base period.
• Have total wages during the base period equal to at least 26 times their weekly benefit amount.

The base period is the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters before the claim’s effective date. If ineligible under the standard base period, an alternate base period (the most recent four completed calendar quarters) may be used.

Weekly Benefits

Hawaii calculates the weekly benefit amount at 58% of the average weekly wage, rounded up to the nearest dollar. The maximum weekly benefit amount is $798, and wages above $1,374.78 are excluded from benefit calculations.

Duration of Benefits

The duration of unemployment benefits in Hawaii is determined by the wages earned in the base period, with benefits typically lasting up to 26 weeks.

Idaho Unemployment Benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for unemployment insurance benefits in Idaho, employees must:

• Have worked for a covered employer under the Employment Security Act (self-employed workers and independent contractors are excluded).
• Be able, available, and actively seeking full-time work.
• Have earned at least 1.25 times their highest quarterly wages, with a minimum of $1,872 in covered wages in one calendar quarter.

Weekly Benefits

• The weekly benefit amount is 55% of the claimant’s average weekly wage, with a maximum of $568 for claims filed from January 2024 through January 2025.
• Benefits are calculated based on the highest quarter earnings in the base period, divided by 26.
• Part-time work that pays less than half of the weekly benefit will not reduce the amount, but wages exceeding half will reduce benefits dollar-for-dollar.

Duration of Benefits

• Unemployment benefits can last from 10 to 26 weeks, depending on the employee's earnings and the unemployment rate.
• Benefits are recalculated quarterly based on state economic conditions.

Illinois:

• Maximum Weekly Benefit: $593 (up to $742 with dependents)
• Duration: Up to 26 weeks
• Eligibility: : Must have earned at least $1,600 in wages in the base period and at least $440 outside of the highest quarter.

Indiana Unemployment Benefits

Maximum Weekly Benefit Amount

The maximum weekly benefit amount in Indiana is set at $390, as established by state law.

Duration of Benefits

Typically, benefits can be received for a maximum of 26 weeks.

Eligibility Requirements

To qualify for unemployment insurance in Indiana, claimants must meet the following criteria:

• Total base period wages must equal at least 1.5 times the wages earned in the highest quarter of the base period.
• Total base period wages must be at least $4,200, with a minimum of $2,500 earned in the last six months of the base period.

Iowa Unemployment Benefits

Weekly Benefits

Effective July 7, 2024, the maximum weekly benefit for unemployed Iowans will be $739. Benefits vary based on dependents:

Duration of Benefits

Benefits are payable for a maximum of 16 weeks, with business closing claims receiving up to 26 weeks.

Eligibility Requirements

To qualify, you must:

• Be unemployed through no fault of your own.
• Have wages from covered employers in at least two quarters.
• Meet minimum earnings of $2,070 in one quarter and $1,030 in another.
• Be able and available for work.

Kansas Unemployment Benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for unemployment insurance benefits in Kansas, the following requirements must be met:

1. Wholly or partially unemployed each week.
2. The claim must be monetarily entitled, indicating sufficient wages were earned before filing.
3. All eligibility requirements must be met each week benefits are claimed.
4. No disqualifications should apply each week.

Monetary entitlement is determined through a three-step process involving the base period and wages earned in at least two calendar quarters. Total base period wages must be greater than or equal to 30 times the weekly benefit amount (WBA).

Weekly Benefits

For claims filed between July 1, 2024, and June 30, 2025, weekly benefit amounts range from a minimum of $153 to a maximum of $612. A monetary determination will provide the specific benefit amount after filing the application. To estimate the weekly benefit, the benefits calculator at GetKansasBenefits.gov can be utilized.

Duration of Benefits

Unemployment benefits are limited to a maximum of 16 to 26 weeks, depending on specific circumstances outlined in Kansas law. Benefits are paid weekly, contingent upon the filing of a claim and the continued meeting of all eligibility requirements.

Kentucky Unemployment Benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for unemployment insurance benefits in Kentucky, individuals must meet the following criteria:

1. Unemployed or working less than full-time.
2. Have earned sufficient wages to establish a valid claim.
3. Be unemployed through no fault of their own.
4. Be able to work, available for work, and actively seeking employment.

Weekly Benefits

The Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA) is the maximum amount of benefits a claimant can receive each week while requesting unemployment insurance. The WBA is determined based on wages earned during the base period and remains locked in for the entire benefit year (52 weeks after filing). Effective July 7, 2024, the minimum WBA is $39, while the maximum WBA is $694.

Duration of Benefits

The duration of unemployment benefits in Kentucky varies based on the timing of the claim:

• Claimants who filed during the 2022 calendar year are eligible for 26 weeks of benefits.
• Claimants who filed between January 1, 2023, and June 30, 2023, are eligible for 12 weeks of benefits.
• Claimants who filed after July 1, 2023, are eligible for 16 weeks of benefits.

Louisiana Unemployment Benefits

Eligibility for Unemployment Insurance Benefits

To qualify for unemployment insurance (UI) benefits in Louisiana, applicants must meet specific requirements concerning past wages, job separation, and ongoing availability for work. The key criteria include:

• Past Wages: Applicants must have earned sufficient wages during their base period, which consists of the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters before filing a claim.
• Reason for Separation: Applicants must be unemployed or partially unemployed through no fault of their own.
• Availability and Work Search: Applicants must be physically able and available to work, and actively seeking employment. If temporarily laid off with a definite return date, work search requirements may be waived.

For detailed guidance, refer to the Benefit Rights Information document.

Weekly Benefits Amounts

In Louisiana, the weekly benefit amount for UI varies based on the applicant’s previous earnings:

• Minimum Weekly Benefit: $35.00
• Maximum Weekly Benefit: $275.00

Duration of Benefits

Typically, unemployment insurance benefits can be claimed for up to 26 weeks. However, during periods of high unemployment, the Extended Unemployment Compensation Act may provide additional benefits. Notifications about eligibility for these extended benefits will be communicated through the Louisiana Workforce Commission and local news outlets.

Maine unemployment benefits

Eligibility

• In Maine, sufficient qualifying wages must be earned over at least two calendar quarters in the base period to qualify for unemployment benefits. Meeting this requirement does not guarantee benefits, as other eligibility criteria must also be satisfied.

Weekly Benefits

• The Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA) is calculated by averaging wages in the two highest quarters of the base period and dividing by 22, rounded down. As of June 1, 2024, the minimum WBA is $104.00, and the maximum is $595.00. An additional $25 per dependent per week can be received, capped at 75% of the WBA.

Duration

• Unemployment benefits can be received for a maximum of 26 weeks, though not all individuals qualify for the full amount. Benefits do not have to be claimed consecutively but must be used within the benefit year.

Maryland Unemployment Benefits

Eligibility

• To be eligible for unemployment insurance in Maryland, an individual must have worked and earned sufficient wages during the standard base period, which consists of the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters before filing. Eligibility is also contingent on the applicant being unemployed through no fault of their own. If ineligible based on the standard base period, an alternate base period using the most recent four quarters may be used.

Weekly Benefits

• The Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA) in Maryland ranges from $50 to $430, depending on wages earned during the base period. A determination of monetary eligibility will be provided after filing, listing employment and earnings.

Duration

• Eligible individuals can receive up to 26 weeks of unemployment benefits. Claims are valid for one year from the filing date. During periods of high unemployment, federal programs may extend benefit weeks.

Massachusetts unemployment benefits

Eligibility

• To qualify for Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefits in Massachusetts, workers must have earned at least $6,300 during the last four completed calendar quarters. They must also be legally authorized to work in the U.S., be unemployed or working reduced hours through no fault of their own, and be available to start suitable work immediately.

Weekly Benefits

• The weekly benefit amount is approximately 50% of the worker’s average weekly wage, with a maximum of $1,033 per week as of October 1, 2023, excluding any dependency allowance. Part-time work or self-employment may affect the benefit amount.

Duration

• The duration of UI benefits is capped at 30 times the weekly benefit amount. The maximum period to receive benefits is based on this calculation, ensuring coverage for eligible weeks up to this limit.

Michigan unemployment benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for unemployment benefits in Michigan, individuals must be unemployed, available for suitable work, able to work physically and mentally, and actively seeking employment. Registration at www.MiTalent.org and visiting Michigan Works! Agency service center is required. Wage requirements include having a minimum of $4,008 in one quarter, wages in at least two quarters, and total base period wages equal to 1.5 times the highest quarter wages.

Weekly Benefits

Weekly benefits are based on prior earnings, calculated as 4.1% of the highest base period wages, with a maximum payment of $362.

Duration

Benefits can be collected for a minimum of 14 weeks and a maximum of 20 weeks, depending on total base period wages.

Minnesota unemployment benefits

Eligibility

• To qualify for unemployment benefits in Minnesota, sufficient earnings during the base period are required. Applicants must be legally authorized to work in the U.S., unemployed through no fault of their own, and actively seeking suitable work each week. Being able and willing to begin work immediately is also necessary.

Weekly Benefits

• The weekly benefit amount is approximately 50% of the average weekly wage, up to a maximum of $890. A Determination of Benefit Account will outline the benefit amount and total available benefits.

Duration

• Most applicants can receive up to 26 weeks of regular unemployment benefits. Additional benefits may be available under special state or federal provisions.

Mississippi unemployment benefits

Eligibility

• To qualify for unemployment benefits in Mississippi, applicants must have worked in at least two quarters of the base period, earned at least $780 in the highest quarter, and have total base period earnings of 40 times the weekly benefit amount. Applicants must also be unemployed through no fault of their own, able and available to work, and actively seeking full-time employment. Registration at a local WIN Job Center is required.

Weekly Benefits

• Weekly benefits range from $30 to $235. The amount is based on wages earned in the highest quarter of the base period, divided by 26.

Duration

• Eligible individuals can receive benefits for up to 26 weeks or one-third of their total base period wages, whichever is lesser. A one-week waiting period is required before benefits begin.

Missouri unemployment benefits

Eligibility

• To qualify for unemployment benefits in Missouri, a person must have lost their job through no fault of their own or quit for good cause related to work or the employer. The earnings must be at least $2,250 during the base period, with at least $1,500 in one calendar quarter and $750 in the rest of the base period. Additionally, total base period wages must be 1.5 times the highest quarter earnings.

Weekly Benefits

• The weekly benefit amount (WBA) is 4% of the average of the two highest earning quarters within the base period.

Duration

• Eligible claimants can receive benefits for up to 20 weeks in a benefit year.

Montana unemployment benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for unemployment benefits in Montana, applicants must have worked in the state for the last 12 months, meet minimum wage requirements during their base period, and have experienced job loss through no fault of their own.

Weekly Benefits

Montana's maximum weekly benefit amount is $552, with a minimum of $163, based on base period wages.

Duration

Claimants can receive benefits for up to 28 weeks, with potential extensions based on the state's unemployment rate

Nebraska unemployment benefits

Eligibility

• To qualify for unemployment benefits in Nebraska, individuals must be partially or fully unemployed through no fault of their own, actively seeking work (unless otherwise directed), and have sufficient wages in the base period. For 2024, the minimum wage requirement is $5,139, with at least $1,850 earned in one quarter and $800 in another. They must be able to work, available for work, legally authorized to work in the U.S., and registered at NEworks.nebraska.gov with an online searchable resume.

Weekly Benefits

• The maximum weekly benefit amount for 2024 is $546.

Duration

• Eligible claimants may receive benefits for up to 26 weeks within a 12-month period, beginning from the claim’s effective date.

Nevada unemployment benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for unemployment benefits in Nevada, one must meet one of the following wage criteria:

1. Earnings during the base period must be at least 1.5 times the highest quarter earnings.
2. Alternatively, wages must be reported in at least three of the four quarters of the base period, with a minimum of $400 earned in the highest quarter.

Weekly Benefits

The weekly benefit amount is calculated as 4% (or 1/25) of the highest quarter earnings. This amount is subject to a maximum limit, which is set annually starting July 1.

Duration

Unemployment benefits can be received for up to 26 weeks within a single benefit year, unless an extension is provided by law.

New Hampshire unemployment benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for unemployment in New Hampshire, applicants must have earned at least $2,800 in their base period and meet job separation requirements, including being unemployed through no fault of their own.

Weekly Benefits

The maximum weekly benefit amount is $427, while the minimum is $32. The amount is based on earnings in the base period.

Duration

Unemployment benefits can be received for up to 26 weeks, with potential extensions during economic downturns.

New Jersey unemployment benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefits in New Jersey, individuals must meet the following criteria:

1. Unemployed through no fault of their own.
2. Have earned at least $283 per week for 20 weeks or more during the base year in covered employment for 2024 (or at least $260 for 2023).
3. Have total covered earnings of at least $14,200 during the base year for 2024 (or $13,000 for 2023).
4. Able and available for work, actively seeking employment, and not refusing suitable job offers.

Certain workers, such as school employees and self-employed individuals who do not contribute to UI, may have different eligibility requirements.

Weekly Benefits

The weekly unemployment benefit amount is generally 60% of the average weekly wage during the benefit year, subject to a maximum rate. For 2024, the maximum weekly benefit is $854, and for 2023, it is $830. If the calculated benefit is below the maximum, additional dependency benefits may apply.

Duration

Eligible claimants can receive UI benefits for up to 26 weeks within a one-year period. To maintain eligibility, timely certification of weekly benefits, active job searching, and attendance at scheduled appointments with the unemployment office are required.

New Mexico Unemployment Benefits

Eligibility

To qualify, individuals must be unemployed through no fault of their own, meet the minimum earnings requirement during the base period, and actively seek work. Monetary eligibility requires earnings of at least $2,089.72 across two quarters.

Weekly Benefits

The maximum weekly benefit is up to $565, based on prior earnings and dependents.

Duration

Eligible individuals may receive benefits for up to 26 weeks, with possible extensions during periods of high unemployment.

New York unemployment benefits:

Eligibility

To qualify for Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefits in New York, individuals must meet all three of the following earnings requirements during their base period (basic or alternate):

• Have worked and received wages in jobs covered by Unemployment Insurance for at least two calendar quarters.
• For claims filed in 2024, have earned at least $3,300 in one calendar quarter.
• Total wages must be at least 1.5 times the amount earned in the highest quarter. The highest quarter is defined as the quarter during the base period with the most earnings.
  • Exception: If high quarter wages are $11,088 or more, total earnings in the other three quarters must be at least $5,544 (half of the high quarter wages).

Eligibility also requires that individuals have lost work through no fault of their own, are ready, willing, and able to work, and are actively seeking employment.

Weekly Benefits

The weekly benefit payment amount is based on previous wages, calculated using a specific formula. For 2024, the maximum benefit rate is $504, while the minimum benefit rate is $132.

Duration

Unemployment Insurance benefits can be received for a maximum of 26 full weeks within a one-year period, known as a "benefit year."

North Carolina unemployment benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for unemployment benefits in North Carolina, individuals must meet the following criteria:

• Be unemployed through no fault of their own.
• Have earned sufficient wages in a job covered by unemployment insurance tax.
• Be physically able and available for work.
• Be actively seeking employment.

After applying for benefits, the Division of Employment Security (DES) will determine eligibility based on the reason for unemployment and prior earnings. To receive payments, individuals must also register for work with the North Carolina Employment Service Agency at NCWorks.gov or, if residing out of state, with the state in which they currently live.

Weekly Benefits

The maximum weekly benefit amount available is $350. This amount is calculated based on the last two completed quarters of earnings in the base period, divided by 52, and rounded down to the nearest whole dollar.

Duration

Regular unemployment benefits in North Carolina can be received for a duration of 12 to 20 weeks. The exact number of weeks is determined by the seasonally adjusted statewide unemployment rate, which is calculated twice a year, on January 1 and July 1.

North Dakota Unemployment Benefits

Eligibility

Workers must have been employed by a liable employer under North Dakota’s Unemployment Insurance program and have earned sufficient wages during the base period. The base period determines eligibility, benefit amount, and claim duration.

Weekly Benefits

The weekly benefit is calculated by dividing the sum of the highest 2 ½ base period quarters by 65. The maximum benefit is set annually by state law.

Duration

Benefit duration ranges from 12 to 26 weeks, based on total base period wages divided by the highest quarter's earnings.

Ohio

Eligibility

In Ohio, eligibility for unemployment benefits is determined based on the following factors:

• Employment History: The period from the date of hire to the date of termination.
• Work Frequency: The number of weeks worked for the employer.
• Average Earnings: The average weekly earnings during the employment period.
• Work Availability: The ability and availability to work.
• Job Search: Actively seeking employment is required.

To confirm eligibility, applying for benefits is the most effective way.

Factors Affecting Eligibility

Several factors may disqualify an individual from receiving unemployment benefits:

• Exhaustion of Benefits: The period from the date of hire to the date of termination.
• Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA): Employees on FMLA are not considered unemployed.
• Vacation or Sick Leave: Continued receipt of vacation or sick leave pay from an employer may affect eligibility.

Weekly Benefits

The weekly benefit amount is calculated based on average weekly earnings during the base period and cannot exceed the state’s established maximum levels based on the number of dependents. The maximum benefit amounts for 2023 are:

• 0 Dependents: $583
• 1-2 Dependents: $707
• 3 or More Dependents: $787

Duration

Individuals in Ohio can receive unemployment benefits for up to 26 weeks within a benefit year, depending on personal circumstances and the state’s unemployment rate. It's important to apply and verify eligibility and potential benefit duration based on specific situations.

Oklahoma unemployment benefits

Weekly Benefits:

• Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA): The WBA is calculated as 1/23rd of the claimant's highest quarter of taxable wages during their base period.
• 2024 Maximum Weekly Benefit: In Oklahoma, the maximum WBA for 2024 is $519.

Eligibility:

• Monetary Requirement: Claimants must have earned at least $1,500 during their base period and 1.5 times their highest quarter's wages.
• Unemployed Through No Fault of Their Own: Must be unemployed due to reasons such as layoffs or reductions not related to performance.
• Able and Available for Work: Claimants must actively seek work and be available for suitable employment.
• Work Registration: Claimants must register for work, upload a resume on the state's job board, and verify their identity.

Duration:

• Maximum Duration: Typically, unemployment benefits can last for up to 16 weeks, although it can vary based on state regulations.

Oregon Unemployment Insurance (UI) Benefits

Eligibility

To establish a valid claim, employment must include at least 500 hours or $1,000 in wages during the base year, which consists of the first four of the last five completed quarters. Claimants must also be actively seeking work, able to work, and available for work.

Weekly Benefits

For 2024-2025, weekly benefit amounts range from a minimum of $196 to a maximum of $836, calculated as 1.25% of total base year wages.

Duration

Benefits can be paid for up to 26 weeks within a 52-week period.

Pennsylvania Unemployment Insurance (UI) Benefits

Eligibility

To receive benefits, claimants must meet specific criteria outlined by Pennsylvania's UC Law, which may include eligibility reviews based on the nature of their unemployment and other factors. Claimants and employers may be asked to provide additional information during fact-finding interviews.

Weekly Benefits

For 2023, the maximum weekly benefit amount is $605, with a 3.2% reduction applied to all claimants' benefit payments, lowering the actual maximum payout to $585.

Duration

A benefit year lasts 52 weeks, with the potential to receive benefits for 18-26 weeks or longer, depending on part-time earnings.

Rhode Island unemployment benefits:

Eligibility for Unemployment Benefits in Rhode Island

To qualify for regular unemployment insurance in Rhode Island, earnings must meet specific thresholds. At least $16,800 must have been earned during the base period or an alternate base period. Typically, the base period consists of the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters before the claim's start date. If this earnings threshold isn't met, eligibility may still be possible by satisfying all the following conditions:

1. Earnings of at least $2,800 in one of the base period quarters.
2. Total base period taxable wages equaling at least one and one-half times the highest quarter earnings.
3. Total base period taxable wages of at least $5,600.

Additionally, for those with previous claims, there must have been subsequent work with taxable wages of at least 80 times the Rhode Island minimum hourly wage of $14, or $1,120.

Weekly Benefits

The Weekly Benefit Rate is calculated as 3.85% of the average of the two highest quarter's total wages from the base period, with a minimum benefit of $66 and a maximum of $705 as of 7/1/23, excluding any dependency allowance. This rate remains constant throughout the benefit year.

A Dependency Allowance is available for those with children under 18 years old or children with disabilities over 18. The allowance covers up to five dependents and adds 5% of the weekly benefit rate for each dependent, with a minimum of $15 per dependent.

Duration of Benefits

The duration of unemployment benefits is equal to 33% of the total base period wages divided by the basic weekly benefit rate. The maximum amount collectible is equivalent to 26 full weeks of benefits, which can be claimed at any time during the benefit year, depending on periods of unemployment.

South Carolina unemployment benefits

Eligibility:

To qualify for Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefits in South Carolina, individuals must be unemployed through no fault of their own, able and available to work, and actively searching for employment.

Duration:

A UI claim can provide benefits for up to 20 weeks.

Weekly Benefits:

The average weekly benefit amount is $236, with a maximum benefit of $326.

Monetary Requirements:

After applying for benefits, a Monetary Determination will be mailed within a week and is also accessible in the MyBenefits portal. To be monetarily eligible for UI benefits, individuals must:

• Have at least $1,092 in covered employment during the base period’s highest quarter.
• Have earned a minimum of $4,455 from covered employment during the base period.
• Have total base period wages equal to or exceeding 1.5 times the high quarter wages.

The base period generally consists of wages earned over one year of insured work, with DEW determining whether to use the standard base period or alternate base period for the claim review.

South Dakota unemployment benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for reemployment assistance benefits in South Dakota, individuals must have earned wages from an employer who pays unemployment taxes, for civilian employment with the federal government, or active duty in the military during two or more quarters of their base period. The base period consists of the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters before the claim’s effective date.

Duration:

The maximum amount payable during the benefit year is one-third of total base period wages, but not exceeding 26 times the weekly benefit amount.

Weekly Benefits:

Weekly benefit amounts range from $28 to $514. The specific weekly amount is determined by a formula based on wages earned during the highest quarter of the base period, with the highest quarter wages needing to be at least $728.

Tennessee unemployment benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for unemployment benefits in Tennessee, individuals must have earned an average of $780.01 in each of two quarters within the Base Period. Additionally, the second highest quarter must exceed $900 or be six times the weekly benefit amount. The Base Period consists of the first four of the last five completed calendar quarters before the quarter in which the initial claim is filed.

Duration:

Claimants can receive regular unemployment insurance benefits for up to 26 weeks. If regular benefits are exhausted, individuals may qualify for up to 48 additional weeks under the PEUC program.

Weekly Benefits:

The maximum weekly benefit amount in Tennessee is currently $275. Claimants may also have been eligible for an additional $300 under the FPUC program until July 3, 2021.

Texas unemployment benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for unemployment benefits in Texas, applicants must have:

• Past Wages: Sufficient taxable wages reported during the base period (first four of the last five quarters).
• Job Separation: Unemployment or reduced hours not due to misconduct.
• Ongoing Eligibility: Meet continued eligibility requirements.

Duration:

Claimants can receive benefits for up to 26 weeks within a benefit year, starting on the claim filing date.

Weekly Benefits:

The weekly benefit amount ranges from $74 to $591, based on past wages, calculated as the highest base period quarter's wages divided by 25. The maximum benefit amount is either 26 times the WBA or 27% of total base period wages, whichever is less.

Utah unemployment benefits

Eligibility

To qualify, you must earn at least $5,100 in a base period, with total earnings equal to 1½ times the highest quarter wages. If not, an alternate base period (last four completed quarters) may apply.

Deduction of Retirement Income:

Only retirement income from a base period employer affects your weekly benefits.

Duration:

You can receive benefits for a minimum of 10 weeks and a maximum of 26 weeks based on your total base period wages and weekly benefit amount.

Weekly Benefits:

For WBAs under $521, divide the highest quarter wages by 26 and subtract $5.

Vermont unemployment benefits

Eligibility

You must have sufficient wages in your base period (the last four completed quarters). There are four calculation methods, including using all wages from the first four of the last five quarters.

Duration:

You can receive benefits for a maximum of 26 weeks or 46% of your base period wages, whichever is lower. Misconduct may reduce this to 23 weeks.

Weekly Benefits:

The maximum weekly benefit is $705, calculated by dividing the total wages from your two highest quarters by 45.

Virginia unemployment benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for benefits, you must have earned at least $3,000 in two quarters of your base period. Your monetary determination will indicate the amount and duration of benefits based on your total base period wages.

Duration:

Benefit duration ranges from 12 to 26 weeks, depending on your wages earned during the base period. Once your claim is established, the amount remains the same for one year.

Weekly Benefits:

The maximum weekly benefit is $378, with a minimum of $60. To qualify for the maximum benefit, you need to have earned at least $18,900.01 in two quarters during the base period.

Washington unemployment benefits

Eligibility

You must have earned sufficient wages during your base year (the first four of the last five completed quarters) and worked at least 680 hours to qualify for benefits.

Duration:

Benefits last for up to 26 weeks or until you exhaust your maximum benefit amount, which is calculated based on your earnings in the base year.

Weekly Benefits:

Your weekly benefit amount (WBA) is determined by averaging the two highest quarters of your earnings, multiplied by 0.0385. The maximum WBA is $1,079, while the minimum is $342.

West Virginia unemployment benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for unemployment benefits in West Virginia, you must have earned at least $2,200 during the base period.

Duration:

You can receive benefits for a maximum of 26 weeks. If you collect partial benefits, the duration may extend but will not exceed 52 weeks.

Weekly Benefits:

The maximum weekly benefit amount (WBA) in West Virginia for 2023 is $662. Your Monetary Determination will detail your eligible amount and how it was calculated.

Wisconsin unemployment benefits

Eligibility

To be eligible for unemployment benefits in Wisconsin, you must:

• Work History: Have earned wages in at least two quarters of your base period.
• Base Period Earnings: Have high-quarter earnings of at least $1,350 to qualify for the minimum weekly benefit.
• Work Search Requirements: Be actively searching for work and meet ongoing eligibility criteria.

Duration of Benefits

Wisconsin unemployment benefits are available for a maximum of 26 weeks within a benefit year. The total benefit you receive is limited to the lesser of:

• 26 times your weekly benefit rate (WBR), or
• 40% of your total base period wages.

Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA)

Your weekly benefit rate is calculated as 4% of your high-quarter earnings, with a minimum WBA of $54 (requiring high-quarter earnings of $1,350) and a maximum WBA of $370 (requiring high-quarter earnings of $9,250).

Wyoming unemployment benefits

Eligibility

To qualify for Wyoming unemployment insurance, you must:

• Be either partially or fully unemployed.
• Have lost your job through no fault of your own (e.g., layoffs).
• Be physically able to work, available for work, and actively seeking employment.

Duration of Benefits

You can receive full unemployment benefits for up to 26 weeks in a benefit year. If you work part-time or have weeks with reduced benefits, the payments may stretch over a longer period, depending on your earnings and Wyoming law limits.

Weekly Benefit Amount (WBA)

The weekly benefit amount depends on your past earnings during the base period. As of July 2023, the minimum weekly benefit is $43, and the maximum weekly benefit is $595. This range adjusts annually based on Wyoming's average weekly wage.

Each state administers its unemployment insurance program with unique rules about who qualifies, how much they can receive, and for how long. Employers are responsible for providing accurate wage and employment details to ensure the correct processing of claims.

Federal Unemployment Benefits

In addition to state-administered benefits, the federal government plays a role in unemployment insurance. Federal unemployment taxes (FUTA) are paid by employers to fund administrative costs and special extended benefit programs in times of economic distress.

• Federal Emergency Programs: During periods of national crisis (such as recessions or pandemics), the federal government can authorize emergency programs like the Pandemic Unemployment Assistance (PUA) or Pandemic Emergency Unemployment Compensation (PEUC), which extend or increase benefits.
• Extended Benefits (EB): This federally funded program provides additional weeks of benefits during periods of high unemployment. The availability of these extended benefits is triggered by high state unemployment rates, typically offering 13-20 additional weeks of aid.

Employer Responsibilities in Unemployment Claims

When a former employee files for unemployment benefits, employers are required to:

• Confirm Separation Reason: Verify if the employee was laid off or terminated for a specific reason (such as misconduct), which could affect eligibility.
• Submit Wage Data: (EB): Provide accurate wage and employment details so the state can calculate the correct benefit amount.

Failing to respond to claims promptly can result in increased unemployment tax rates for your business.

How Unemployment Benefits Impact Employers

Employers are responsible for funding unemployment benefits through state unemployment tax (SUTA) and federal unemployment tax (FUTA). Here’s how these taxes affect employers:

• State Taxes (SUTA): States assign employers an experience rating based on their history of unemployment claims. Employers with a high number of claims may face higher tax rates.
• Federal Taxes (FUTA): (EB): Employers typically pay 6% on the first $7,000 of an employee’s wages. However, most employers are eligible for a tax credit of up to 5.4%, reducing the effective FUTA rate to 0.6%.

Best Practices for Employers

Here are ways employers can manage unemployment claims effectively:

• Document Employee Performance: Keep accurate records of employee performance and termination reasons. This documentation can help contest unjust claims.
• Provide Accurate Wage Information: (EB): Ensure all wage information is reported correctly to the state to avoid overpayment or underpayment issues.
• Train Management in Fair Employment Practices: Reducing employee turnover through strong employment practices can help lower your experience rating, leading to lower unemployment tax rates.

Conclusion

Understanding unemployment benefits on a state-by-state level is vital for managing claims and reducing the impact on your business. By complying with state and federal regulations, providing accurate information, and contesting fraudulent claims, you can better control your unemployment tax rates and ensure that benefits are properly distributed to eligible employees.

This article has been updated from its original publication date of January 18 , 2024.